Complete fracture-dislocation of the thoracolumbar spine without neurological deficit

RATIONALE Traumatic fracture of the thoracolumbar junction (T10-L2) is the most common fracture of the spinal column. Due to the disruption of the entire vertebrae column, the fracture-dislocation of the thoracolumbar spine is almost invariably associated with neurological injury. A complete fracture-dislocation of the thoracolumbar spine without neurological deficit is a rare entity. PATIENT CONCERNS A 38-year-old man presented with severe low back pain after an accident when he was building a house. Comprehensive neurological examinations revealed intact neurological function. DIAGNOSES The plain X-ray and computed tomography revealed a complete facture-dislocation of the L1 to L2 vertebrae. INTERVENTIONS The patient underwent posterior reduction and internal fixation with screws and rods. OUTCOMES The neurological function was preserved postoperatively. The patient returned to work after 6 months. LESSONS Early diagnosis is important before performing any dangerous maneuvers. Given the results of this case and the relevant literature, the prognosis of these patients is promising following surgical intervention.